Mamaearth Vitamin C Oil-Free Moisturizer For Face with Vitamin C and Gotu Kola for Skin Illumination - 50 gm

Disodium EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is a versatile chelating agent widely used in skincare and cosmetic formulations. This synthetic compound effectively binds to metal ions, preventing them from interfering with product stability and performance. In skincare, Disodium EDTA serves multiple purposes, primarily as a preservative enhancer and antioxidant.

The ingredient's ability to sequester metal ions helps maintain product integrity by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and preventing oxidation of sensitive components. This action extends the shelf life of formulations and ensures consistent efficacy throughout use. Disodium EDTA is particularly beneficial in water-based products, where it can neutralize hard water minerals that may compromise the effectiveness of other ingredients.

In addition to its preservative properties, Disodium EDTA can improve the texture and feel of skincare products. It aids in creating smoother, more stable emulsions and can enhance the foaming capabilities of cleansers. The ingredient is generally well-tolerated by most skin types and is used in concentrations ranging from 0.05% to 0.15% in leave-on products. While Disodium EDTA is not considered an active ingredient for skin benefits, its role in maintaining product quality indirectly contributes to overall skincare efficacy.

Ethylhexylglycerin is a multifunctional synthetic ingredient widely used in cosmetic and personal care products. This clear, colorless liquid acts primarily as a preservative enhancer, working synergistically with other preservatives to improve their efficacy and extend product shelf life. Derived from glycerin, ethylhexylglycerin exhibits gentle antimicrobial properties, helping to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi in formulations.

Beyond its preservative-boosting capabilities, ethylhexylglycerin serves as an effective emollient and skin conditioning agent. It helps improve the texture and spreadability of products while providing a smooth, non-greasy feel on the skin. This ingredient also functions as a deodorant agent, helping to reduce body odor by inhibiting the growth of odor-causing bacteria.

Ethylhexylglycerin is generally well-tolerated by most skin types and is considered safe for use in concentrations typically found in cosmetic products. Its versatility makes it a valuable ingredient in a wide range of formulations, including moisturizers, sunscreens, makeup, and hair care products. While some individuals may experience mild irritation, adverse reactions to ethylhexylglycerin are rare, contributing to its popularity in the cosmetics industry.

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a versatile and widely used humectant in skincare formulations. This colorless, odorless, viscous liquid is derived from both natural and synthetic sources, including vegetable oils and petrochemicals. As a hygroscopic substance, glycerin attracts and retains moisture, making it highly effective in hydrating and moisturizing the skin.

In skincare products, glycerin typically comprises 0.5% to 5% of the formulation. It functions by drawing water from the environment and deeper skin layers to the surface, enhancing skin hydration and improving barrier function. This moisture-binding property helps to reduce transepidermal water loss, leading to smoother, more supple skin.

Glycerin's low molecular weight allows it to penetrate the stratum corneum, providing hydration to deeper skin layers. It also exhibits emollient properties, helping to soften and smooth the skin's surface. Additionally, glycerin has been shown to enhance the penetration of other active ingredients in skincare formulations.

While generally well-tolerated, high concentrations of glycerin can potentially cause a tacky feel on the skin or draw out too much moisture in low-humidity environments. Therefore, it is often combined with other moisturizing agents for optimal efficacy and skin feel.

Pentaerythrityl Tetra-di-t-butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate is a potent antioxidant and stabilizer widely used in skincare and cosmetic formulations. This synthetic compound belongs to the class of hindered phenols and is prized for its ability to protect products from oxidation and degradation. Its molecular structure allows it to effectively scavenge free radicals, which are known to contribute to premature aging and skin damage.

In skincare formulations, this ingredient primarily functions as a preservative, extending the shelf life of products by preventing the oxidation of other ingredients, particularly oils and fats. It is especially useful in formulations containing sensitive actives or natural oils prone to rancidity. The compound is oil-soluble, making it ideal for incorporation into emulsions, lipsticks, and other oil-based products.

Pentaerythrityl Tetra-di-t-butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate is considered safe for use in cosmetics at concentrations up to 0.5%. It is non-irritating and non-sensitizing to the skin, making it suitable for a wide range of products, including those formulated for sensitive skin types. Its stability across a broad pH range and resistance to heat further enhance its versatility in product formulation.

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetic and personal care products. This synthetic compound, derived from phenol and ethylene oxide, plays a crucial role in preventing microbial growth and extending product shelf life. With its chemical formula C8H10O2, phenoxyethanol appears as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint rose-like odor.

Effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, yeasts, and molds, phenoxyethanol is particularly valuable in water-based formulations. It functions optimally at pH levels between 3 and 8.5, making it compatible with a wide range of skincare and cosmetic products. Typically used at concentrations of 0.5% to 1%, phenoxyethanol is considered safe for most individuals when used as directed.

While phenoxyethanol offers excellent preservation properties, it is often combined with other preservatives for enhanced efficacy. Its stability in the presence of sunlight and compatibility with other cosmetic ingredients contribute to its popularity among formulators. However, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions, particularly at higher concentrations. Regulatory bodies, including the FDA and EU Cosmetics Regulation, have approved phenoxyethanol for use in cosmetics within specified limits, reflecting its established safety profile when used appropriately.

POLYGLYCERYL-3 CETYL ETHER is a versatile and effective emollient used in various skincare formulations. This synthetic ingredient functions as a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier, helping to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions and improve the overall texture of products. Its molecular structure consists of a polyglyceryl chain attached to a cetyl ether group, providing both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties.

In skincare applications, POLYGLYCERYL-3 CETYL ETHER offers several benefits. It acts as a mild surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin without causing excessive dryness or irritation. The ingredient also enhances the spreadability of formulations, contributing to a smooth and even application. Additionally, it possesses moisturizing properties, helping to maintain skin hydration and improve overall skin feel.

POLYGLYCERYL-3 CETYL ETHER is compatible with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients, making it suitable for use in various product types, including lotions, creams, and serums. It is generally well-tolerated by most skin types and is considered safe for use in cosmetic formulations at typical concentrations. This ingredient is particularly valuable in formulations designed for sensitive or dry skin due to its gentle nature and moisturizing capabilities.

Potassium sorbate is a widely used preservative in skincare and cosmetic formulations, recognized for its effectiveness against yeasts and molds. This white, crystalline powder is the potassium salt of sorbic acid, a naturally occurring compound found in some berries. In skincare products, potassium sorbate functions primarily to extend shelf life and maintain product integrity by inhibiting microbial growth.

With a pH range of 4.5-6.5, potassium sorbate is particularly suitable for slightly acidic formulations. It exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, especially against fungi, while being less effective against bacteria. This preservative is often used in conjunction with other antimicrobial agents to provide comprehensive protection against various microorganisms.

Potassium sorbate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and is approved by regulatory bodies worldwide. It is non-irritating and non-sensitizing for most individuals, making it suitable for a wide range of skin types. The ingredient is water-soluble and typically used at concentrations of 0.1-0.5% in skincare formulations. Its efficacy can be influenced by factors such as pH, water activity, and the presence of other ingredients in the product.

Propylene Glycol is a versatile and widely used ingredient in skincare and cosmetic formulations. This clear, colorless, and viscous liquid is a humectant that attracts and retains moisture, helping to keep skin hydrated and supple. Its low molecular weight allows for easy penetration into the skin, making it an effective carrier for other active ingredients.

In skincare products, Propylene Glycol serves multiple functions. It acts as a solvent, helping to dissolve and stabilize other ingredients. Its emollient properties contribute to a smooth, non-greasy feel on the skin. Additionally, it functions as a preservative enhancer, extending the shelf life of products.

Propylene Glycol is generally recognized as safe by regulatory bodies and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, in rare cases, it may cause irritation in sensitive individuals, particularly at high concentrations. Its concentration in cosmetic products typically ranges from 1% to 5%.

This ingredient is found in a wide array of skincare products, including moisturizers, serums, cleansers, and toners. Its ability to improve product texture, enhance ingredient penetration, and maintain product stability makes it a valuable component in many formulations.

Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) derived from willow bark, renowned for its efficacy in treating acne and various skin conditions. This oil-soluble compound penetrates pores, effectively exfoliating and unclogging them by dissolving excess sebum and dead skin cells. Its keratolytic properties promote cell turnover, leading to smoother skin texture and improved clarity.

As an anti-inflammatory agent, salicylic acid helps reduce redness and swelling associated with acne lesions. It also possesses mild antimicrobial properties, assisting in the control of acne-causing bacteria. Typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2% in over-the-counter products, salicylic acid is suitable for oily and acne-prone skin types.

Beyond acne treatment, salicylic acid is effective in managing conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and keratosis pilaris. It can help reduce the appearance of fine lines and improve overall skin tone when used in lower concentrations. However, it may cause dryness or irritation in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive skin. Sun protection is crucial when using products containing salicylic acid, as it can increase skin sensitivity to UV radiation.