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Bronopol

Description

Bronopol, also known as 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, is a synthetic antimicrobial agent widely used in personal care products, cosmetics, and industrial applications. This white, crystalline solid is highly effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and yeasts, even at low concentrations.

The compound's antimicrobial action stems from its ability to release formaldehyde under certain conditions, which disrupts cellular processes in microorganisms. Bronopol is particularly valued for its stability in both acidic and alkaline environments, making it versatile across various formulations.

In skincare and cosmetic products, Bronopol typically serves as a preservative, extending shelf life and preventing microbial contamination. Its efficacy allows for use at concentrations as low as 0.01-0.1%, minimizing potential irritation risks.

However, Bronopol's formaldehyde-releasing property has raised some concerns about its long-term safety, particularly in leave-on products. Additionally, it can react with nitrites to form potentially carcinogenic nitrosamines, necessitating careful formulation practices.

Despite these considerations, Bronopol remains an important tool in product preservation, especially in rinse-off applications where exposure is limited. Its use is regulated by health authorities worldwide to ensure consumer safety.