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BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE

Description

Benzalkonium chloride is a versatile quaternary ammonium compound widely used in skincare and pharmaceutical formulations. This synthetic ingredient functions primarily as an antimicrobial agent and preservative, effectively inhibiting the growth of bacteria, fungi, and some viruses. Its cationic nature allows it to disrupt microbial cell membranes, leading to cell death and preventing contamination in products.

In skincare, benzalkonium chloride is found in concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 0.13%, depending on the application. It is particularly effective in leave-on and rinse-off products, including cleansers, toners, and hand sanitizers. The compound also exhibits mild surfactant properties, aiding in the removal of dirt and oil from the skin surface.

While generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, benzalkonium chloride can cause irritation in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive skin or eczema. It may also contribute to contact dermatitis in rare cases. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations can potentially disrupt the skin's natural microbiome. As with any active ingredient, it is crucial to use products containing benzalkonium chloride as directed and to discontinue use if irritation occurs.