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4-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID

Description

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as para-hydroxybenzoic acid or p-hydroxybenzoic acid, is a naturally occurring organic compound found in various plants and fruits. This white crystalline solid is widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its preservative and antimicrobial properties.

In skincare formulations, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid serves as a precursor to parabens, which are commonly used preservatives. It exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, yeasts, and molds, helping to extend the shelf life of products and prevent microbial contamination.

The compound possesses mild antioxidant properties, potentially contributing to the protection of skin cells against oxidative stress. Its molecular structure allows for easy absorption into the skin, making it an effective ingredient in various topical applications.

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid has a low risk of skin irritation when used in appropriate concentrations. However, individuals with sensitive skin may experience mild reactions. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products by regulatory bodies such as the FDA and EMA, though ongoing research continues to evaluate its long-term effects and potential alternatives in response to consumer concerns about paraben-based preservatives.