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MINOXIDIL

Description

Minoxidil is a potent hair growth stimulant originally developed as an oral medication for hypertension. Its serendipitous side effect of promoting hair growth led to its widespread use in topical formulations for treating pattern baldness and alopecia. As a vasodilator, minoxidil widens blood vessels, increasing blood flow to hair follicles and prolonging the anagen (growth) phase of the hair cycle.

Typically available in 2% and 5% concentrations, minoxidil is most effective for treating androgenetic alopecia, particularly in the vertex and crown areas of the scalp. It works by activating potassium channels in hair follicles, stimulating prostaglandin synthesis, and upregulating growth factors such as VEGF. This process enhances follicular size and prolongs the anagen phase, resulting in thicker, longer hair growth.

While generally well-tolerated, minoxidil may cause initial shedding, scalp irritation, or unwanted hair growth in adjacent areas. Regular, consistent application is crucial for maintaining results, as hair loss may resume upon discontinuation. Minoxidil's efficacy can be enhanced when combined with other hair growth treatments, making it a cornerstone in many hair restoration regimens.