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METHYL AMINOLEVULINATE HCL

Description

Methyl Aminolevulinate HCl (MAL) is a topical photosensitizing agent used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of various skin conditions. This compound is a methyl ester derivative of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), designed to enhance penetration into skin cells. Upon application, MAL is metabolized intracellularly to protoporphyrin IX, a photosensitive compound that accumulates preferentially in rapidly dividing cells.

MAL's primary application is in the treatment of actinic keratoses, superficial basal cell carcinomas, and Bowen's disease. When activated by specific wavelengths of light, typically red light around 630 nm, it generates reactive oxygen species that selectively destroy abnormal cells. This targeted approach minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

The compound demonstrates superior lipophilicity compared to ALA, resulting in improved skin penetration and more selective accumulation in target tissues. MAL-PDT typically requires shorter incubation times and lower drug concentrations than ALA-PDT. Side effects are generally mild and localized, including erythema, edema, and temporary pigment changes. MAL has shown efficacy in both single and multiple treatment protocols, with high clearance rates and favorable cosmetic outcomes in approved indications.