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METHOTREXATE

Description

Methotrexate is a potent immunosuppressive and antimetabolite drug primarily used in the treatment of severe psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Originally developed as a chemotherapy agent, it has found significant applications in dermatology due to its ability to inhibit rapidly dividing cells. Methotrexate works by interfering with folic acid metabolism, which is crucial for DNA synthesis and cell proliferation.

In dermatology, methotrexate is administered orally or via injection for moderate to severe psoriasis cases that have not responded to other treatments. It effectively reduces skin cell turnover and inflammation associated with psoriasis. The typical dosage ranges from 7.5 to 25 mg weekly, with careful monitoring of liver function and blood counts.

While effective, methotrexate carries potential side effects, including liver toxicity, bone marrow suppression, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Patients require regular blood tests and close medical supervision. Contraindications include pregnancy, liver disease, and immunodeficiency disorders. Folic acid supplementation is often recommended to mitigate side effects.

Despite its potency, methotrexate remains a valuable tool in managing severe skin conditions when used judiciously under professional medical guidance.