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DIHYDROXYACETONE

Description

Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is a colorless sugar compound widely used in the cosmetic industry as the primary active ingredient in sunless tanning products. This molecule interacts with amino acids in the skin's surface to produce a brown color, mimicking a natural tan without the need for UV exposure. DHA is typically derived from plant sources such as sugar beets or sugar cane through a fermentation process.

When applied topically, DHA reacts with the proteins and amino acids in the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, through a process called the Maillard reaction. This reaction results in the formation of melanoidins, which are responsible for the tanned appearance. The effect is temporary, lasting about 5-7 days as the skin naturally exfoliates.

DHA is generally considered safe for topical use and is approved by the FDA for external application in concentrations up to 15%. It's important to note that DHA does not provide UV protection, so additional sun protection measures are necessary when using DHA-based products. Some formulations may combine DHA with erythrulose, another self-tanning agent, to achieve a more natural-looking and longer-lasting tan effect.