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citric acid

Description

Citric acid is a naturally occurring alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) found in citrus fruits and widely used in skincare formulations. This versatile ingredient serves multiple purposes in cosmetic products, primarily as an exfoliant, pH adjuster, and preservative enhancer. As an AHA, citric acid gently exfoliates the skin by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, promoting cell turnover and revealing smoother, brighter skin.

In skincare formulations, citric acid typically appears in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2%. It effectively helps balance the pH of products, which is crucial for maintaining skin barrier function and optimizing the efficacy of other active ingredients. Citric acid also exhibits mild antioxidant properties, potentially offering some protection against free radical damage.

When used in higher concentrations, citric acid can increase skin sensitivity to UV radiation, so proper sun protection is essential when using products containing this ingredient. It's generally well-tolerated by most skin types but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals. Citric acid pairs well with other skincare ingredients and can enhance the preservation of formulations by creating an inhospitable environment for microbial growth.