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Citric Acid

Description

Citric acid is a naturally occurring alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) found in citrus fruits and widely used in skincare formulations. This versatile ingredient serves multiple purposes in dermatological products, primarily functioning as a pH adjuster, preservative enhancer, and mild exfoliant. Its ability to lower the pH of formulations helps stabilize other active ingredients and improve product efficacy.

As an exfoliant, citric acid gently dissolves the bonds between dead skin cells, promoting cell turnover and revealing smoother, brighter skin. This action can help improve skin texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines, and enhance overall skin clarity. Additionally, citric acid possesses antioxidant properties, offering protection against free radical damage and supporting skin health.

In skincare formulations, citric acid is typically used at concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2%, depending on the product's intended purpose. It's often combined with other AHAs or incorporated into cleansers, toners, and serums. While generally well-tolerated, individuals with sensitive skin should introduce citric acid-containing products gradually. Its mild nature makes it suitable for various skin types, but as with any active ingredient, patch testing is recommended before full application.