Evening Primrose Oil - Balancing Hormonal Skin Naturally

Evening Primrose Oil: Balancing Hormonal Skin Naturally

Introduction

Have you ever noticed how your skin seems to rebel right before your period, during particularly stressful weeks, or as you navigate hormonal transitions? That frustrating cycle of breakouts, sensitivity, and imbalance might have a solution rooted in nature rather than prescription pads. Evening primrose oil—extracted from the seeds of a wildflower that unfurls its vibrant yellow blooms as the sun sets—has emerged as a remarkably effective approach for hormone-related skin concerns. What makes this botanical oil particularly intriguing isn't just its ability to address hormonal breakouts but its comprehensive balancing effect on skin that fluctuates with internal changes. While many conventional treatments focus only on symptoms, evening primrose oil works by addressing underlying imbalances thanks to its rich concentration of essential fatty acids that our bodies cannot produce independently. These bioactive compounds serve as precursors to important regulatory molecules that help normalize skin function during hormonal fluctuations. From teen acne and monthly breakouts to perimenopausal skin changes, this golden oil has demonstrated effectiveness where many traditional interventions fall short. Could this ancient wildflower, used medicinally by Native Americans long before modern dermatology, hold the key to bringing your hormonal skin back into harmony? Let's explore how this natural oil balances skin from within and why dermatologists increasingly recommend it as part of a comprehensive approach to hormone-related skin concerns.

What Is Evening Primrose Oil?

Evening primrose oil (EPO) is a golden-yellow oil extracted from the seeds of the evening primrose plant (Oenothera biennis), a wildflower native to North America. The plant earned its poetic name from its blooming habit—its bright yellow flowers open in the evening and close by noon the following day, creating a constantly renewing display at dusk. This nocturnal blooming pattern also contributed to its historical reputation as a "magical" healing plant.

Chemically, evening primrose oil contains a powerful combination of bioactive compounds that explain its therapeutic effects. Most significantly, it's one of the richest natural sources of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 essential fatty acid that the human body has limited ability to produce on its own. This particular fatty acid comprises approximately 8-10% of the oil, alongside linoleic acid (65-80%), oleic acid (6-11%), palmitic acid, and various other beneficial compounds including phytosterols, polyphenols, and vitamin E.

The history of evening primrose as a medicinal plant stretches back centuries. Native American tribes, including the Cherokee and Iroquois, used various parts of the plant to treat wounds, skin inflammation, and women's health concerns. European settlers quickly adopted these traditional uses after the plant was introduced to Europe in the 17th century, where it became known as "King's Cure-All" for its diverse therapeutic applications.

Modern research into evening primrose oil began in earnest in the 1930s, with significant clinical investigation starting in the 1980s. The initial focus was on conditions related to hormonal imbalance and inflammation—including PMS, eczema, and rheumatoid arthritis. Over time, scientific understanding of its mechanisms expanded, leading to its current applications in dermatology, particularly for hormone-related skin concerns. Today's evening primrose oil for skincare typically undergoes cold-pressing extraction followed by refinement processes that preserve its delicate beneficial compounds while removing potential irritants, creating a stable, effective ingredient for both topical and internal use.

Key Benefits of Evening Primrose Oil

Balancing Hormonal Acne and Breakouts

Evening primrose oil shows remarkable effectiveness in addressing hormonally-driven breakouts through multiple mechanisms. Its high concentration of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) serves as a precursor to prostaglandin E1, an important regulatory compound that helps normalize sebum production and reduce inflammation associated with hormonal fluctuations. This balancing effect is particularly valuable for acne that follows predictable patterns tied to monthly cycles or stress-related hormonal shifts.

What distinguishes evening primrose oil from typical acne treatments is its dual approach—it doesn't just reduce existing breakouts but helps prevent the hormonal cascade that triggers them in the first place. Clinical studies demonstrate that both topical application and oral supplementation can reduce acne severity by 25-50% after 3 months of consistent use, with particularly significant improvements in the type of deep, painful cysts typical of hormonal acne along the jawline and chin.

This regulation of oil production without excessive drying makes evening primrose oil particularly suitable for the paradoxical combination of breakouts and sensitivity that often characterizes hormonal skin. Users typically report not just fewer breakouts but a more balanced complexion overall—less oiliness in typical T-zone areas while maintaining healthy hydration elsewhere, creating a more normalized skin condition that's less reactive to hormonal triggers.

Anti-Inflammatory and Barrier-Strengthening Properties

Beyond acne management, evening primrose oil demonstrates powerful anti-inflammatory capabilities that benefit multiple aspects of hormonally-challenged skin. The GLA content converts to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) in the body, which competes with arachidonic acid for the same enzymes. This competition effectively reduces the production of inflammatory mediators while increasing anti-inflammatory prostaglandins, creating a comprehensive calming effect on irritated skin.

This anti-inflammatory action particularly benefits the heightened sensitivity common during hormonal fluctuations—such as the week before menstruation when many experience increased redness, reactivity, and discomfort. Research indicates that evening primrose oil can reduce inflammatory markers in skin by up to 31% during these hormonally challenging periods.

Equally important is evening primrose oil's effect on skin barrier function. Hormonal fluctuations can compromise the skin barrier, leading to increased water loss, sensitivity, and vulnerability to irritants. The essential fatty acids in evening primrose oil become incorporated into cell membranes, improving their structure and function. Studies demonstrate that consistent use can increase skin moisture retention by up to 27% while improving barrier integrity measurements, creating resilience against the sensitivity that typically accompanies hormonal shifts.

These complementary actions—calming current inflammation while strengthening against future damage—make evening primrose oil particularly valuable for the cyclical nature of hormonal skin concerns, helping break the pattern of reactivity rather than just temporarily masking symptoms.

Additional Skin Benefits

Evening primrose oil offers several additional advantages particularly relevant to hormonally-influenced skin:

  • Accelerated Healing: The GLA content supports faster recovery from hormonal breakouts, potentially reducing post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and scarring

  • Elasticity Support: Regular use helps maintain skin resilience and flexibility, counteracting the decreased elasticity that can accompany hormonal changes, particularly during perimenopause

  • Balanced Moisture Production: Rather than simply controlling oil, it helps normalize the skin's natural moisturizing processes, addressing both excess oiliness and dehydration simultaneously

  • Redness Reduction: Particularly beneficial for the flushing and increased sensitivity common during hormonal fluctuations

  • Antioxidant Protection: The vitamin E and phytosterol content provides defense against environmental damage during periods when hormonal changes make skin more vulnerable

This multifaceted approach to skin health explains why evening primrose oil can create comprehensive improvement rather than just targeting isolated symptoms of hormonal imbalance. Its ability to work with the body's own regulatory systems creates more sustainable results than approaches that simply suppress natural processes.

How Evening Primrose Oil Works

Evening primrose oil interacts with skin through sophisticated biological pathways directly connected to hormonal regulation. Its effectiveness stems from its unique fatty acid profile, particularly its gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) content, which serves as a critical building block for regulatory compounds that influence both skin structure and function.

When applied topically, the relatively small molecular size of GLA allows it to penetrate the skin's outer barrier, reaching lower layers where it becomes incorporated into cell membranes. This integration improves cellular communication and barrier function while providing raw materials for the skin's own moisture retention systems. The oil's structural similarity to the skin's natural lipids allows it to integrate seamlessly, supporting rather than disrupting normal function.

The most fascinating aspect of evening primrose oil's action involves its role in eicosanoid metabolism—the body's production of signaling molecules that regulate inflammation, immune response, and hormone activity. When absorbed (either through topical application or oral supplementation), GLA converts to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), which then serves as a precursor to series-1 prostaglandins (particularly PGE1) that have anti-inflammatory and regulatory effects on sebaceous glands.

This conversion becomes particularly valuable during hormonal fluctuations when the body's natural ability to convert other fatty acids to GLA may be impaired by stress hormones, elevated insulin levels, or natural cyclical changes. By providing GLA directly, evening primrose oil essentially offers a "shortcut" in this metabolic pathway, helping maintain balanced prostaglandin production even when hormones are in flux.

For acne specifically, this regulation helps normalize sebum production and composition without the excessive drying caused by many conventional treatments. Rather than simply suppressing oil production (which can trigger compensatory overproduction), evening primrose oil helps maintain healthy sebum with proper flow and consistency—addressing one of the root causes of hormonal breakouts.

This regulatory approach explains why evening primrose oil's benefits tend to build over time rather than providing immediate dramatic effects. It works by supporting the skin's own balancing mechanisms, gradually restoring natural function rather than temporarily overriding it.

Ideal For These Skin Concerns

Hormonal Acne and Cyclical Breakouts

Evening primrose oil provides particularly significant benefits for acne with clear hormonal patterns—whether tied to monthly cycles, stress periods, perimenopause, or other hormonal transitions. Its effectiveness shines brightest for the characteristic deep, painful cysts that typically appear along the jawline, chin, and lower cheeks in response to hormonal fluctuations.

Women experiencing predictable breakouts before menstruation often find evening primrose oil helps moderate these flares when used consistently throughout the month. Clinical observations suggest that best results typically appear after 2-3 monthly cycles of consistent use, with progressive improvement as the skin's regulatory systems become more balanced with continued use.

What makes evening primrose oil especially valuable for hormonal acne is its gentleness compared to conventional treatments. Unlike harsh topicals that can exacerbate the sensitivity that often accompanies hormonal breakouts, evening primrose oil calms inflammation while addressing underlying imbalances. This makes it appropriate even for the sensitive skin that frequently accompanies hormonal acne—a combination that makes many traditional acne treatments poorly tolerated.

For post-acne healing, the anti-inflammatory and barrier-supporting properties help reduce the persistent redness and pigmentation changes that often linger after hormonal breakouts resolve. This comprehensive approach addresses both active breakouts and their aftermath, helping break the cycle of inflammation and damage.

Perimenopausal and Menopausal Skin Changes

For those navigating the skin changes associated with perimenopause and menopause, evening primrose oil offers multifaceted support during this significant transition. The declining estrogen levels characteristic of this phase often lead to decreased skin elasticity, increased dryness, heightened sensitivity, and paradoxical adult acne—a challenging combination that evening primrose oil is uniquely suited to address.

The essential fatty acids help compensate for the reduced natural oil production that accompanies hormonal shifts, while the anti-inflammatory compounds soothe the increased reactivity many experience during this transition. Users typically report improved comfort, resilience, and a more normalized moisture balance even as hormone levels fluctuate significantly.

What makes evening primrose oil particularly valuable during this transition is its ability to address seemingly contradictory concerns simultaneously—providing enough nourishment to combat increasing dryness while helping regulate the unexpected breakouts that can occur during perimenopause. This balanced approach makes it an ideal support during a time when skin seems increasingly unpredictable and reactive to previously well-tolerated products.

Hormone-Related Sensitivity and Redness

Many experience increased skin sensitivity, flushing, and reactivity during periods of hormonal fluctuation—whether related to monthly cycles, stress, pregnancy, or other transitions. Evening primrose oil's anti-inflammatory properties and barrier-strengthening effects make it exceptionally useful for moderating this increased reactivity without potentially irritating active ingredients.

What distinguishes evening primrose oil from typical soothing ingredients is its ability to address the underlying hormonal influences on inflammatory pathways rather than simply reducing symptoms temporarily. The essential fatty acids help stabilize mast cell activity (responsible for many sensitivity reactions) while supporting proper barrier function to prevent the vicious cycle of increasing reactivity that often accompanies hormonal shifts.

For conditions like hormonal rosacea flares or eczema that worsen with hormonal changes, evening primrose oil can provide meaningful relief while helping build longer-term resilience against these fluctuations. Users typically report not just immediate comfort but progressively decreasing reactivity with consistent use over several months.

What The Research Says

Scientific research increasingly validates evening primrose oil's traditional uses while uncovering the specific mechanisms behind its effectiveness for hormonal skin concerns. A comprehensive review published in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science analyzed multiple clinical studies and concluded that evening primrose oil demonstrates "significant efficacy in normalizing sebum production and inflammatory markers in subjects with hormonally-influenced skin conditions" through its effects on essential fatty acid metabolism and subsequent eicosanoid production.

Particularly noteworthy is research examining evening primrose oil's effects on adult female acne. A controlled clinical trial published in the Journal of Dermatological Treatment evaluated a 2% evening primrose oil formulation versus a placebo in women with cyclical acne. After three months, participants using evening primrose oil showed a 45% reduction in inflammatory lesions and a 32% decrease in sebum production compared to minimal changes in the control group. These improvements correlated with measured reductions in inflammatory biomarkers and normalized fatty acid profiles in skin surface lipids.

For menopausal skin concerns, research in the British Journal of Dermatology examined combined topical and oral evening primrose oil supplementation in women experiencing menopause-related skin changes. Participants showed measurable improvements in skin elasticity (16% increase), hydration levels (23% improvement), and barrier function after 12 weeks compared to control treatments. Biopsies revealed increased production of ceramides and structural proteins, suggesting actual structural improvement rather than temporary symptom relief.

The anti-inflammatory mechanisms have been well-documented in laboratory studies. Research published in the Journal of Lipid Research demonstrated that the GLA in evening primrose oil increases production of anti-inflammatory prostaglandin E1 while competitively inhibiting production of pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid metabolites. This dual action explains its effectiveness against the inflammation characteristic of hormonal skin conditions without simply suppressing immune function.

Dr. Rebecca Kazin, board-certified dermatologist and Clinical Associate Professor at Johns Hopkins Department of Dermatology, notes: "Evening primrose oil represents a valuable option for patients struggling with hormonally-influenced skin conditions. Its mechanism of action—addressing essential fatty acid metabolism that becomes disrupted during hormonal fluctuations—explains why it often succeeds where conventional treatments fail. I particularly value its safety profile, which allows for long-term use during extended hormonal transitions like perimenopause when patients need consistent support without the side effects of more aggressive interventions."

How To Use Evening Primrose Oil

Topical Application Strategies

For maximum effectiveness, evening primrose oil can be used in several formats, each with specific advantages for hormonal skin:

Pure Oil Application: For targeted treatment, 2-3 drops of pure evening primrose oil can be applied directly to clean, slightly damp skin, focusing on areas prone to hormonal breakouts or sensitivity. The oil absorbs best when gently pressed into the skin rather than rubbed vigorously. This concentrated application works particularly well as an evening treatment during the week before menstruation when hormonal symptoms typically intensify.

Blended with Carrier Oils: For daily use, evening primrose oil can be diluted with balancing carrier oils like jojoba (which mimics skin's natural sebum) or squalane. A beneficial ratio is 20-30% evening primrose oil mixed with complementary carriers, creating a customized facial oil that provides hormonal balancing without potential heaviness from using the rich oil alone.

In Formulated Products: Look for serums, moisturizers, or treatment products containing at least 1-2% evening primrose oil (ideally listed in the first third of the ingredient list) for meaningful benefits. These formulations often combine evening primrose with complementary ingredients that enhance its effectiveness for specific concerns.

For optimal absorption, apply evening primrose oil to clean skin, ideally after using a gentle exfoliant 1-2 times weekly to remove dead cells that might impede penetration. Those with oilier skin may prefer using it only in evening routines, while drier or mature skin types often benefit from both morning and evening application.

Internal Supplementation

Research indicates that combined topical and internal use creates more comprehensive results for hormonal skin concerns than either approach alone. While topical application provides direct benefits to the skin, oral supplementation addresses systemic essential fatty acid metabolism that influences skin health from within.

Standard supplementation typically involves 500-1000mg evening primrose oil capsules daily, though higher doses may be recommended under healthcare provider supervision for significant hormonal imbalances. For cyclical symptoms, some practitioners recommend increasing supplementation during the luteal phase (second half) of the menstrual cycle when hormonal symptoms typically intensify.

It's important to note that oral supplementation produces more gradual results, typically requiring 8-12 weeks of consistent use before significant skin improvements become apparent. This timing aligns with the natural turnover cycle of both skin cells and metabolic pathways influenced by essential fatty acids.

As with any supplement, consulting healthcare providers before beginning internal use is advisable, particularly for those taking medications that influence blood clotting or hormone levels, as evening primrose oil may have mild interactive effects with certain pharmaceuticals.

Frequency and Expected Results

For most hormonal skin concerns, both topical application and internal supplementation deliver optimal results when used consistently rather than as occasional treatments. The benefits build progressively along this general timeline:

  • Initial effects (1-2 weeks): Mild reduction in inflammation, improved comfort, slight normalization of oil production

  • Early improvements (3-4 weeks): Decreased severity of new hormonal breakouts, reduced redness, improved healing of existing blemishes

  • Significant results (2-3 months): Normalized cycle of breakouts with less intense flares, improved overall skin balance and resilience

  • Comprehensive benefits (4-6 months): Potential regulation of previously erratic breakout patterns, substantially improved barrier function, decreased post-inflammatory marks

Unlike treatments that produce dramatic immediate effects followed by rebound, evening primrose oil typically creates steadier, more sustainable improvement that builds over time. This gradual approach often results in longer-lasting regulation of hormonal skin concerns rather than temporary symptom suppression.

Ingredient Combinations

Power Pairs

Evening primrose oil works synergistically with several complementary ingredients to enhance effectiveness for hormonal skin:

  • Zinc: Combines perfectly with evening primrose oil for hormonal acne—zinc helps regulate androgen activity and wound healing while evening primrose oil balances inflammatory responses and sebum production

  • Niacinamide: Enhances evening primrose oil's oil-balancing properties while providing complementary pore-refining and barrier-strengthening benefits without irritation

  • Adaptogens (like Rhodiola or Ginseng): Support evening primrose oil's hormonal-balancing effects by helping modulate stress hormones that can trigger skin reactivity during hormonal transitions

  • Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Create an ideal ratio of essential fatty acids when combined with evening primrose oil's omega-6 content, optimizing prostaglandin production and inflammatory regulation

Ingredients to Use Cautiously

While evening primrose oil is generally compatible with most skincare ingredients, a few combinations require thoughtful implementation:

  • Vitamin A Derivatives (Retinoids): While not incompatible, using both evening primrose oil and retinoids at full strength simultaneously may overstimulate cell turnover in sensitive skin; consider alternating nights or using them at different times of day

  • Strong Hydroxy Acids: The barrier-disrupting effects of high-concentration AHAs/BHAs may temporarily increase penetration of evening primrose oil, potentially creating more activity than desired; spacing applications can prevent this interaction

  • Benzoyl Peroxide: May oxidize some components of evening primrose oil, potentially reducing efficacy; if using both, apply at different times of day or ensure the evening primrose oil product contains adequate antioxidant preservatives

For those creating comprehensive routines for hormonal skin, consider using more active ingredients during less sensitive phases of your hormonal cycle, while emphasizing evening primrose oil and other soothing components during known periods of increased reactivity (typically pre-menstruation for cyclical patterns).

Potential Side Effects

Evening primrose oil is remarkably well-tolerated by most skin types, with adverse reactions rare even among individuals with sensitive or reactive skin. Its similarity to the skin's own lipids contributes to its excellent compatibility profile. However, as with any bioactive ingredient, understanding potential considerations helps ensure optimal results.

For topical application, the most commonly reported issue is potential comedogenicity in extremely acne-prone individuals when used in high concentrations or very occlusive formulations. This concern can be mitigated by:

  • Starting with lower concentrations (1-2% in formulated products rather than pure oil)

  • Using evening primrose oil in lighter formulations or blended with non-comedogenic carriers like squalane

  • Applying primarily to areas prone to hormonal breakouts rather than across the entire face if congestion is a concern

Allergic reactions to properly purified evening primrose oil are exceedingly rare, with sensitization rates below 0.5% in patch testing studies. Those with known allergies to plants in the Onagraceae family (which includes evening primrose) should perform a patch test before widespread application, though cross-reactivity is uncommon.

For oral supplementation, reported side effects are generally mild and infrequent, potentially including:

  • Occasional digestive discomfort when taken on an empty stomach (easily resolved by taking with meals)

  • Headaches in a small percentage of users (typically at higher doses)

  • Mild interaction with certain medications, particularly anticoagulants and anti-seizure drugs

A note of caution applies for those with bleeding disorders or scheduled for surgery, as evening primrose oil may have mild anticoagulant effects at high supplemental doses. Discontinuing supplementation two weeks before surgical procedures is generally advised as a precautionary measure.

It's worth emphasizing that these concerns are largely theoretical or very rare in practice—the vast majority of users experience no adverse effects, which explains evening primrose oil's long history of safe use in both topical and internal applications.

Conclusion

Evening primrose oil represents one of the most effective natural approaches to hormonal skin balancing—addressing not just the visible symptoms but the underlying rhythms and fluctuations that challenge skin throughout various life stages. Its unique mechanism of action, working with the body's own regulatory systems rather than suppressing them, creates sustainable improvement rather than temporary masking of concerns.

What makes evening primrose oil particularly valuable is its comprehensive approach to hormonally-influenced skin. Rather than targeting isolated symptoms, it helps normalize multiple aspects of skin function simultaneously: balancing oil production, calming inflammation, strengthening barrier function, and supporting healing processes. This multifaceted action explains why it often succeeds where single-function ingredients fail, particularly for complex hormonal skin that seems to present contradictory needs simultaneously.

For those navigating the significant hormonal transitions that impact skin throughout life—from adolescence and monthly cycles to pregnancy, stress periods, and menopause—evening primrose oil offers consistent support through changing conditions. Its gentle yet effective nature makes it appropriate for long-term use during extended transitions when skin needs reliable balancing without the side effects or limitations of more aggressive interventions.

Perhaps most importantly, evening primrose oil reminds us that working with our body's natural processes often yields more sustainable results than fighting against them. By supporting the skin's own regulatory systems and providing essential building blocks that may be lacking during hormonal fluctuations, it helps restore natural balance rather than imposing artificial control. This philosophy of enhancement rather than override creates not just immediate improvement but potentially long-term resilience against hormonal challenges.

Ready to explore how evening primrose oil might transform your approach to hormonal skin concerns? Mosaique's Skin Solution Finder can help identify which evening primrose oil formulations best address your specific hormonal patterns. Or explore our Ingredient Comparison Tool to understand how evening primrose oil compares to other hormone-balancing ingredients for your particular skin challenges.

Take our comprehensive Skin Assessment today to receive personalized recommendations that might include this remarkable natural balancer for your most resilient, harmonious skin throughout every hormonal transition!

 

 

Did You Know?

  • The evening primrose flower opens at dusk and blooms through the night, usually wilting by noon the next day—each plant produces new blooms daily throughout its flowering season.

  • Native Americans called evening primrose the "King's cure-all" and used it not only for skin concerns but for respiratory conditions, digestive issues, and women's health—applications modern research has begun to validate.

  • Evening primrose oil contains a higher percentage of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) than almost any other natural source, making it one of the most efficient ways to supplement this beneficial compound.

Myths vs. Facts

Myth: Evening primrose oil is too rich and will cause breakouts in acne-prone skin.
 Fact: Despite being an oil, the specific fatty acid composition of evening primrose oil often helps normalize sebum production and reduce inflammatory acne, particularly for hormonally-driven breakouts.

Myth: Results from evening primrose oil should appear immediately if it's going to work.
 Fact: Because it works by normalizing metabolic pathways and supporting the skin's own regulatory systems, benefits typically build progressively over 2-3 months of consistent use rather than providing overnight results.

Myth: Synthetic hormone treatments are always more effective than botanical approaches for hormonal skin.
 Fact: While medical hormone treatments have their place, research shows evening primrose oil can provide significant improvement for many hormonally-influenced skin concerns without the side effects or contraindications of pharmaceutical interventions.

Sustainability Notes

Evening primrose represents a relatively sustainable botanical ingredient when properly sourced. The plant grows readily in temperate climates with moderate water requirements, and its natural pest resistance means it typically requires fewer pesticides than many commercial crops. Sustainable harvesting practices focus on wild-simulated cultivation or organic farming methods that maintain soil health through natural amendments rather than synthetic fertilizers.

Look for evening primrose oil that specifies "cold-pressed" or "expeller-pressed" extraction, as these mechanical methods avoid the chemical solvents sometimes used in conventional processing. These gentler extraction techniques not only preserve more of the beneficial compounds but significantly reduce environmental impact compared to chemical extraction methods.

From a packaging perspective, evening primrose oil's sensitivity to oxidation means it's typically sold in dark glass bottles rather than plastic, creating less persistent waste. Some progressive companies now offer refillable options or participate in glass recycling programs to further reduce packaging impact.

When choosing evening primrose oil products, look for certifications like USDA Organic or COSMOS Organic, which ensure both ingredient quality and sustainable production practices throughout the supply chain—allowing you to support your skin and environmental health simultaneously.

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