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ETHYL AMINOLEVULINATE HCL

Description

Ethyl Aminolevulinate HCl (EAL) is a potent photosensitizing agent used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for various dermatological conditions. This synthetic amino acid derivative is a precursor to protoporphyrin IX, a naturally occurring photosensitizer in the body. When applied topically, EAL is preferentially absorbed by rapidly dividing cells, such as those found in actinic keratoses and certain skin cancers.

Upon exposure to specific wavelengths of light, EAL induces the production of reactive oxygen species, leading to selective destruction of targeted abnormal cells. Its efficacy has been demonstrated in treating actinic keratoses, Bowen's disease, and superficial basal cell carcinomas. EAL offers advantages over other photosensitizers, including faster clearance from the body and reduced photosensitivity duration post-treatment.

Typical concentrations for clinical use range from 16% to 20% in cream formulations. Treatment protocols generally involve a 3-hour application period followed by light exposure. Side effects may include erythema, edema, and crusting at the treatment site. EAL's selective accumulation in neoplastic tissue contributes to its favorable safety profile and minimal impact on surrounding healthy skin.