Back to Ingredient Dictionary

Emollient

Description

Emollients are essential components in skincare formulations, serving as multifunctional agents that improve skin texture, hydration, and barrier function. These substances work by forming an occlusive layer on the skin's surface, which helps to reduce transepidermal water loss and maintain moisture levels. Emollients come in various forms, including oils, butters, esters, and silicones, each with unique properties and benefits.

The primary mechanism of action for emollients involves filling the spaces between corneocytes (dead skin cells) in the stratum corneum, creating a smoother, more pliable skin surface. This action not only enhances skin feel but also helps to reduce flaking and scaling associated with dry skin conditions. Additionally, emollients can penetrate deeper layers of the epidermis, interacting with lipid bilayers to improve skin barrier function.

Common emollients include glycerin, petrolatum, mineral oil, and plant-derived oils such as jojoba and coconut oil. The choice of emollient in a formulation depends on factors like desired texture, product type, and target skin concerns. Emollients are particularly beneficial for individuals with dry, sensitive, or compromised skin, and are frequently incorporated into moisturizers, lotions, and therapeutic skincare products.