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DIMETHYLOL UREA

Description

Dimethylol urea, also known as DMU or dimethylolurea, is a multifunctional compound widely used in skincare and cosmetic formulations. This water-soluble ingredient serves as a preservative, humectant, and formaldehyde donor. Its primary function is to inhibit microbial growth, extending the shelf life of products and ensuring their safety for prolonged use.

As a humectant, dimethylol urea attracts and retains moisture, helping to keep the skin hydrated. This property makes it valuable in moisturizers, serums, and other hydrating skincare products. The compound slowly releases small amounts of formaldehyde over time, which contributes to its preservative efficacy.

While effective, dimethylol urea has faced scrutiny due to its formaldehyde-releasing nature. Formaldehyde is a known irritant and potential allergen for some individuals. Consequently, its use is regulated in many countries, with concentration limits typically set at 0.5% or lower in leave-on products.

Formulators often choose dimethylol urea for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and its ability to work synergistically with other preservatives. However, the trend towards "clean" and "natural" beauty has led some manufacturers to seek alternative preservation systems that do not rely on formaldehyde donors.